Q2 2025 · NSE · Jul 31, 2025

SWIGGY Instamart's Breakeven Guidance Finally Held Still. Everything Else Slowed Down To Get There.

For the first time since listing, Swiggy didn't push back Instamart's contribution-margin breakeven date - the "December 2025 to June 2026" window management gave last quarter held exactly still this quarter. The cost of that stability shows up everywhere else - net new dark stores collapsed from a record 316 in the prior quarter to just 41, order growth slumped to an eight-quarter low, and the consolidated net loss still widened both YoY and QoQ regardless.

The Quarter Management Deliberately Slowed Down

Every prior post in this backfill has flagged the same pattern: Instamart adds a wave of new dark stores late in a quarter, the immature stores drag contribution margin, and management explains it away as timing. This quarter breaks that pattern - but not because the underlying economics suddenly improved. Net new dark store additions collapsed to just 41 in the June 2025 quarter, against a record 316 in the March 2025 quarter flagged in the prior post as "roughly two-thirds of the entire fiscal year's net store growth." CFO Rahul Bothra told analysts this was deliberate: "going forward is going to be measured and derivative of growth versus us planting the flags, because we believe that we have the network density and the overall geographical presence already established."

The payoff, for the first time since listing: Instamart's contribution-margin breakeven guidance held exactly still. Last quarter's post flagged a window that had already slipped twice - from a firm "October-December 2025" to a vaguer "three to five quarters" that CFO Rahul Bothra said could stretch to June 2026. On this call, when asked directly whether that guidance still holds, Bothra didn't hedge: "our guidance was between say December to June 2026 quarters, so that is something which we had laid out in the previous call and we are maintaining that guidance." That's the first quarter in this backfill where the date didn't move in either direction.

But the deceleration wasn't free. Instamart's own order growth fell to what one analyst on the call called an "eight-quarter low" - roughly 4% quarter-over-quarter - even as average order value jumped 16% quarter-over-quarter and 26% year-over-year, management's explicit tool for reaching breakeven faster. Consolidated net loss widened both year-over-year (+95.9%) and quarter-over-quarter (+10.7%) regardless, on revenue that grew 54.0% year-over-year. Whether trading store growth and order growth for AOV and margin discipline was the right call is the real question this quarter raises - not whether the guidance held, which it did.

The Prescription

Swiggy should keep doing exactly what it did this quarter on Instamart: hold dark-store expansion to a measured, demand-driven pace rather than the front-loaded land-grabs of the last several quarters, and keep pushing average order value as the primary lever toward contribution-margin breakeven. Management's own numbers back this up - a 100 basis point quarter-over-quarter improvement in contribution margin, its second consecutive quarterly gain, arrived in the same quarter store additions dropped by roughly 87% - which is about as clean a natural experiment as this company has produced for "slower store growth, faster margin improvement" actually working. CFO Rahul Bothra put a number on the remaining headroom too: the current 4.3 million square feet of dark-store space "can potentially even grow twice from where we are, without having to add any storage" - meaning this discipline doesn't have to come at the cost of growth for several more quarters yet.

What it should stop doing: leaning on Maxxsaver-driven cart consolidation to manufacture an average-order-value story without being transparent about what it costs the order-growth line. Management's own framing - consolidating baskets, dropping low-AOV orders, and habituating customers to a bundling feature - directly produced the eight-quarter-low order growth an analyst flagged on the call, and CFO Rahul Bothra confirmed the shareholders' letter disclosed a 50 basis point contribution-margin dilution from lower commissions on the non-grocery selection Maxxsaver is pushing. A company that's finally holding its breakeven date steady doesn't need to also dress up a genuine trade-off (fewer, bigger orders in exchange for a headline AOV number) as pure operational improvement - both things are true at once, and only one of them was volunteered without a direct question.

Key Financial Metrics

Q1 FY26 (quarter ended June 30, 2025) vs. Q4 FY25 (quarter ended March 31, 2025) vs. Q1 FY25 (quarter ended June 30, 2024) - consolidated, Ind AS, unaudited (limited review), reported in INR crore and USD

USD figures use each period's own period-end INR/USD rate: Rs. 85.714/$1 for June 30, 2025; Rs. 85.4681/$1 for March 31, 2025; Rs. 83.3675/$1 for June 30, 2024.

Metric Q1 FY26 Q4 FY25 Q1 FY25 YoY QoQ
Revenue from Operations Rs. 4,961cr ($578.9M) Rs. 4,410cr ($516.0M) Rs. 3,222cr ($386.5M) ✅ +54.0% ✅ +12.5%
Total Income (incl. other income) Rs. 5,048cr ($588.9M) Rs. 4,531cr ($530.2M) Rs. 3,310cr ($397.0M) ✅ +52.5% ✅ +11.4%
Operating Loss¹ -Rs. 1,196cr (-$139.5M) -Rs. 1,079cr (-$126.2M) -Rs. 598cr (-$71.7M) ⚠️ Widened by 100.0% ⚠️ Widened by 10.8%
Net Loss (Loss for the period) -Rs. 1,197cr (-$139.7M) -Rs. 1,081cr (-$126.5M) -Rs. 611cr (-$73.3M) ⚠️ Widened by 95.9% ⚠️ Widened by 10.7%

¹ Reconstructed the same way as the prior three quarters' posts: Total Income minus Total Expenses, before share of loss of an associate», exceptional items, and tax. Swiggy's filed statements still don't disclose a consolidated Adjusted EBITDA» line item within the statutory results themselves.

This is the first quarter since the March 2025 year-end without a filed balance sheet or cash-flow statement, since India's SEBI Listing Regulations only require both at half-year and year-end reporting dates - the same disclosure gap the Q3 FY25 post flagged for the December 2024 quarter. Total Cash, Total Assets, and Free Cash Flow for this specific quarter aren't independently verifiable from a filed document. On the call, CFO Rahul Bothra cited a standing cash balance of "Rs. 5,500 crores" when an analyst pressed on whether the company would need to raise equity - down from the roughly Rs. 6,700 crore treasury figure he cited last quarter, consistent with the depleting-cushion trend flagged then, but this is an unaudited, verbally-stated figure from the call rather than a number from the Statement itself, and should be read with that caveat.

Total segment result (before other income, share-based payment expense, finance costs, depreciation, and exceptional items) came to -Rs. 689 crore this quarter, worse both year-over-year (-Rs. 285 crore in Q1 FY25, a 141.8% deterioration) and quarter-over-quarter (-Rs. 636 crore in Q4 FY25, an 8.3% deterioration) - unlike the Q3 FY25 post, where the segment picture actually improved year-over-year even as the headline loss widened. This quarter both the segment result and the headline loss point the same direction, and one number explains why the gap between the two has narrowed rather than widened: Share Based Payment Expense came to Rs. 265 crore this quarter, essentially flat year-over-year (Rs. 259 crore in Q1 FY25, +2.3%) and down 18.7% quarter-over-quarter from Rs. 326 crore - a sharp break from the near-doubling and near-quadrupling growth rates this same line posted in the two prior quarters' posts. The ESOP» expense inflation that drove most of the divergence between segment results and the headline loss in FY25 appears to be flattening out, at least for one quarter.

Key Operational Metrics

Disclosed on the Q1 FY26 earnings call and shareholders' letter - no investor presentation deck was available as a downloadable source for this quarter

Metric Q1 FY26 Change
Instamart GOV» growth (management's own framing) +108% YoY ✅ Accelerated, led by dark-store base and AOV
Instamart Average Order Value (AOV) - ✅ +26% YoY, +16% QoQ
Instamart GOV per customer per month - ✅ +8%
Instamart order growth ~4% QoQ ⚠️ An "eight-quarter low," per an analyst on the call, not disputed by management
Instamart contribution margin (QoQ change) - ✅ +100 bps, second straight quarterly gain
Instamart net new dark stores 41 ⚠️ Down ~87% from 316 in Q4 FY25
Instamart footprint (quarter-end) 127 cities, 4.3 million sq ft ✅ Up from 124 cities in Q4 FY25
Instamart non-grocery share of business 18.5% ✅ Up from 6.6% a year earlier
Instamart Maxxsaver MTU» penetration 28% -
Food Delivery GOV growth +18.8% YoY ✅ Second-highest growth quarter in roughly the last two years
Bolt share of Food Delivery order volume 10-12% Management says "stayed in the same range" versus ~12% last quarter

Two things move in the same direction and one moves against it in that table, and all three are connected. AOV and GOV per customer both jumped because management deliberately re-engineered the order mix - CEO of Instamart Amitesh Jha described "letting go of some of the low AOV orders" and using Maxxsaver, a basket-building feature with 28% MTU penetration, to consolidate what would otherwise have been several smaller orders into one larger one. Order growth cratering to an eight-quarter low is the direct, acknowledged consequence, not a separate, unrelated softness - management's own answer to why throughput per dark store fell attributed it explicitly to three factors: the immature stores from the prior quarter's back-ended expansion, the removal of low-AOV orders, and Maxxsaver's cart consolidation.

Food Delivery's own margin dipped this quarter, and management was explicit about why on the call rather than treating it as a surprise: CEO of Food Marketplace Rohit Kapoor attributed it to seasonality - "this happens every Q1," tied to the harvest season affecting rider availability and requiring extra investment to keep the delivery fleet in line with demand - and reiterated the company's medium-term guidance for a 5% Adjusted EBITDA margin without committing to a specific quarter for reaching it. This is the same April-June seasonal pattern the Q3 FY25 post flagged working the opposite way for the October-December festive quarter - a reminder that Food Delivery's margin trajectory isn't purely linear even as its full-year profitability holds.

Food Delivery

Food Delivery's segment result came to Rs. 202 crore this quarter - down 8.2% quarter-over-quarter from Rs. 220 crore in Q4 FY25 (the seasonal dip discussed above), but up 201.5% year-over-year from Rs. 67 crore in Q1 FY25. Segment revenue grew 18.8% year-over-year (Rs. 1,515cr to Rs. 1,799cr) and 10.5% quarter-over-quarter, a growth rate CFO Rahul Bothra called the category's "second highest growth quarter in the last two years... eight or nine quarters," with an explicit ambition to push it higher still. This is the first quarter in this backfill's post-FY25 window, so there's no year-ago segment-result comparison from a fully public-company quarter to check it against beyond what's shown here - but the trajectory (profit more than tripling year-over-year, even after a seasonal sequential dip) is consistent with the full-year profitability the FY25 year-end post first confirmed.

Management addressed competitive intensity directly and dismissively: asked whether a competitor's new management team had changed the competitive landscape, Kapoor said "we do not have any more information than you have" and that competition "has not really figured much in our scheme of thinking." Bolt held steady at 10-12% of Food Delivery's order volume - Kapoor said the range "has stayed" even though the prior quarter's post cited a more specific 12% figure, attributing this quarter's focus to improving restaurant readiness times and delivery-operation compliance rather than volume growth.

Quick Commerce (Instamart)

Instamart's segment revenue grew 115.5% year-over-year (Rs. 374cr to Rs. 806cr) and 17.0% quarter-over-quarter, while its segment loss also widened on both counts - 184.6% year-over-year (Rs. 280cr to Rs. 797cr) and 3.4% quarter-over-quarter from Rs. 771 crore. The quarter-over-quarter deterioration is far smaller than the 46.1% and 66.4% sequential jumps the two prior quarters' posts flagged - consistent with management's own account of a quarter defined by restraint on store expansion rather than another round of aggressive network growth.

That restraint was deliberate and explained candidly on the call. Net new dark stores fell to just 41, against 316 added in the March 2025 quarter alone - CFO Rahul Bothra framed the shift as structural, not cyclical: "you should see this more of a measured approach on the dark store expansion... we believe that we have the network density and the overall geographical presence already established." He added that Instamart's current 4.3 million square feet of warehousing capacity could support roughly double the current GOV without further store additions, meaning growth from here can come from utilization of the existing network rather than continued expansion. Capital expenditure shifted accordingly - one analyst noted roughly 75% of this quarter's capex went into warehousing rather than new dark stores, which Bothra confirmed was driven by the need to expand distribution-center footprint in large metros to support over 100% year-over-year growth, work he said would continue over "the next couple of quarters."

Contribution margin improved 100 basis points quarter-over-quarter, its second consecutive quarterly gain after the trough the prior post flagged at -5.6% of GOV in the March quarter. Management's own bridge, cited by an analyst on the call, showed the AOV-driven monetization effort added roughly 240 basis points, while a 50 basis point dilution came from lower commissions on the non-grocery selection Maxxsaver pushes and additional headwinds from the appraisal cycle - CFO Rahul Bothra said "a little more than half" of the increase in below-contribution-margin costs this quarter was due to the annual appraisal cycle, a cost he characterized as a one-time step-up rather than a recurring drag going forward.

Supply Chain and Distribution

This B2B segment - warehousing, logistics, and distribution services run substantially through the Lynks business - grew revenue 78.1% year-over-year (Rs. 1,268cr to Rs. 2,259cr) and 12.7% quarter-over-quarter, the fastest revenue growth of any segment this quarter. Its segment loss widened 9.3% year-over-year (Rs. 43cr to Rs. 47cr) but narrowed 7.8% quarter-over-quarter from Rs. 51 crore in Q4 FY25. Neither management nor analysts spent material time on this segment on the call - all analyst attention again went to Instamart's economics and Food Delivery's growth trajectory - so there's no additional qualitative color to add this quarter beyond the segment numbers themselves.

Out-of-Home Consumption

Out-of-Home Consumption (Dineout's restaurant reservations and payments, plus Scenes'/SteppinOut's ticketed events) stayed Adjusted EBITDA-positive for a second straight quarter, posting a Rs. 5 crore segment profit - up from Rs. 2 crore in Q4 FY25 and a swing from a Rs. 13 crore loss a year earlier. Segment revenue grew 67.4% year-over-year (Rs. 46cr to Rs. 77cr) and 14.9% quarter-over-quarter, continuing the integration success the FY25 year-end post described as the segment's GOV nearly tripling and its active restaurant base more than tripling since acquisition. This remains the smallest segment by revenue, but it's now two consecutive quarters of genuine profitability rather than a one-off.

Platform Innovations

Platform Innovations - the incubator segment for Private Brands, Swiggy Genie, Swiggy Minis, Insanely Good, Swiggy Sports, and Snacc - posted its widest loss yet relative to its size: revenue grew a modest 5.3% year-over-year to Rs. 20 crore but fell 9.1% quarter-over-quarter from Rs. 22 crore, while segment loss widened both year-over-year (Rs. 16cr to Rs. 52cr, +225.0%) and quarter-over-quarter (Rs. 36cr to Rs. 52cr, +44.4%). CFO Rahul Bothra attributed the widening loss directly to investment in "the 10 minute version" - a reference to Swiggy's Snacc-style rapid food-delivery experiment - and MD & Group CEO Sriharsha Majety described it as "month six for the category," an early, deliberately narrow test to understand consumer response and unit economics before any decision to scale. Unlike Instamart's dark-store discipline this quarter, this is a segment where management is explicitly still spending to learn, not yet to grow.

Segment Comparison

Consolidated segment revenue and result, quarter ended June 30, 2025 vs. March 31, 2025 vs. June 30, 2024

Segment Revenue (Q1 FY26) Revenue YoY Segment Result (Q1 FY26) Segment Result (Q4 FY25) Segment Result (Q1 FY25)
Food Delivery Rs. 1,799cr ✅ +18.8% ⚠️ +Rs. 202cr +Rs. 220cr +Rs. 67cr
Quick Commerce Rs. 806cr ✅ +115.5% ⚠️ -Rs. 797cr -Rs. 771cr -Rs. 280cr
Supply Chain & Distribution Rs. 2,259cr ✅ +78.1% ⚠️ -Rs. 47cr -Rs. 51cr -Rs. 43cr
Out-of-Home Consumption Rs. 77cr ✅ +67.4% ✅ +Rs. 5cr +Rs. 2cr -Rs. 13cr
Platform Innovations Rs. 20cr ✅ +5.3% ⚠️ -Rs. 52cr -Rs. 36cr -Rs. 16cr
Total Rs. 4,961cr +54.0% -Rs. 689cr -Rs. 636cr -Rs. 285cr

Total revenue growth of 54.0% year-over-year is a step up from the roughly 45%, 31%, and 30% the last three quarters' posts recorded, driven mainly by Supply Chain & Distribution's 78.1% growth and Quick Commerce's 115.5%. But segment-level profitability moved the wrong way on nearly every line: Food Delivery's result fell quarter-over-quarter (the seasonal dip discussed above) even as it more than tripled year-over-year, Quick Commerce and Platform Innovations both worsened on both counts, and Supply Chain & Distribution worsened year-over-year while improving slightly quarter-over-quarter. Out-of-Home Consumption is the only segment that improved on both counts this quarter - the same distinction the Q4 FY25 post gave it and Food Delivery jointly; this quarter Food Delivery loses that joint status due to its seasonal QoQ dip.

Beyond the Usual

Asked directly on the call whether Swiggy would need to raise equity or monetize its stake in ride-hailing company Rapido to fund Instamart's continued cash burn, CFO Rahul Bothra deferred to MD & Group CEO Sriharsha Majety, who disclosed something not otherwise flagged in either the shareholders' letter or the quarterly filing: Swiggy is "planning to go separate ways" from its roughly two-and-a-half-year-old Rapido investment, after Rapido - a mobility partner Swiggy had explored a food-delivery partnership with early on - decided to enter food delivery itself, creating what Majety called a "developing conflict of interest." Neither the size of the stake, its carrying value, nor the mechanism or timeline for the separation was disclosed on the call, and nothing about it appears in the filed financial results reviewed for this post. A strategic equity stake being unwound specifically because its target became a competitor is worth tracking for a potential valuation adjustment or disclosed gain/loss in a future quarter, even though nothing here suggests any wrongdoing - it's simply a live, unquantified situation that didn't exist as disclosed information before this call.

The quarter's underlying share count is harder to verify than in prior quarters, because of a mid-quarter presentation change

Note 8 to both the standalone and consolidated results states that, "effective from the quarter ended June 30, 2025," all comparative figures have been restated from rupee millions to rupee crore, rounded to the nearest crore, "to maintain consistency in presentation." One consequence shows up directly in this filing: Paid-up share capital is now disclosed only as a whole-crore figure (Rs. 230 crore this quarter, Rs. 229 crore for March 2025), where the prior quarter's post was able to cite a share count precise to two decimal places (2,286.48 million shares) because the underlying filing was still granular enough to support it. This quarter's Notes also disclose that 20,35,25,118 equity shares were allotted to the Swiggy Employee Stock Option Trust for further issuance to employees, alongside 36,40,893 shares issued directly to employees exercising options - a large share-count movement that doesn't cleanly reconcile against the one-crore increase in reported paid-up capital, most likely because Trust-held shares aren't treated as newly issued for this purpose. None of this changes anything about the loss for the quarter, but the share count used in this post's valuation section below (see Target Valuation Range) is now a company-disclosed approximation rather than a precise figure, a genuine step down in precision from what was available a quarter ago.

The Q4 FY25 post noted that this two-year-running charge against deposits the parent company placed with its own subsidiary had shrunk to Rs. 40.54 crore for the full year, after a quarter of posting zero. This quarter's standalone exceptional-items note shows the same line at zero again for the June 2025 quarter - the second time in the last three disclosed quarters (after the October-December 2024 quarter) that no new charge was recognized, against a Rs. 20 crore charge in the year-ago June 2024 quarter. Three data points isn't yet a confirmed trend, but the pattern of an intermittent rather than a truly recurring charge is holding up.

No exceptional items were recognized this quarter, at either the standalone or consolidated level

Both the standalone and consolidated results show a flat zero for exceptional items this quarter - no property, plant and equipment impairment on closed dark stores or inactive kitchens, and no IPO-related listing-cost true-up. This breaks a streak that ran through every quarter in this backfill so far: the first post and second post both found small IPO-cost reversals or credits, and the third post found a rare full-year net credit driven by dark-store impairments offsetting IPO costs. A quarter with genuinely nothing in this line either means the IPO-related cost true-ups have finally worked their way out of the numbers (consistent with the listing now being nine months in the past) or that the much smaller pace of store closures this quarter (given only 41 net additions, with presumably few or no closures) left nothing to impair - either explanation is more mundane than concerning.

Management's Case for Deliberate Restraint, Not a Slowdown

Unlike the two prior quarters' calls, which opened straight into Q&A, this call opened with a short top-of-mind message from CEO of Instamart Amitesh Jha before Q&A began - itself a signal of how central the store-growth-versus-margin trade-off was to how management wanted this quarter framed. Jha's opening message anticipated nearly every question that followed: GOV growth accelerated to 108% year-over-year, AOV rose "ahead of our guidance," and "our contribution losses had peaked" as flagged last quarter, with contribution margin improving 100 basis points quarter-over-quarter "despite there being significant headwinds of the full quarter impact of the network expansion" from the prior quarter's stores.

What came through repeatedly in Q&A was a consistent refusal to let the AOV and order-growth story be separated from each other. At least four analysts pushed on whether the sharp AOV jump was really just Maxxsaver cannibalizing order count, and management's answer stayed consistent each time: yes, there's genuine consolidation of orders happening, but customer retention on Maxxsaver orders is higher, and the trade-off is a deliberate one rather than an unintended side effect. This directly informs the Beyond the Usual finding above about the 50 basis point non-grocery commission dilution - management volunteered the AOV win unprompted in the opening remarks, but the corresponding contribution-margin cost only surfaced once an analyst asked about it directly, a pattern consistent with the emphasis-selection critique in The Prescription above.

On the balance-sheet question, Bothra's answer to whether Swiggy needs to raise equity was a direct "no" backed by the cited Rs. 5,500 crore cash balance - but he stopped short of disputing an analyst's framing that free cash flow burn across the trailing two quarters ran to "almost Rs. 2,800 crores," a figure this post can't independently verify from a filed document since no cash-flow statement exists for either quarter (see the Key Financial Metrics callout above). The Rapido disclosure flagged in Beyond the Usual came up in the same exchange, introduced by management itself rather than pressed for by an analyst - worth noting given how much else on this call required a direct question before management volunteered the less flattering half of an answer.

Target Valuation Range

No independent fair-value range can be stated yet - only the market's own implied price, roughly Rs. 92,092 crore of market cap at ~5.4x trailing-twelve-month revenue, can be reported, up from the prior quarter's 4.96x. A real DCF still isn't responsible (no profitable quarter yet, no cash-flow statement this quarter, Instamart's breakeven still guidance rather than a booked result) and the Eternal peer comparison remains the missing input for an actual target - so this section can describe the recovery, but not yet independently judge whether ~5.4x is cheap or expensive.

Swiggy's shares closed the quarter at Rs. 400.40 on June 30, 2025 - up 21.3% from Rs. 330.20 at the end of the prior quarter, recovering a large share of the roughly 39% decline the Q4 FY25 post flagged for that quarter, and now 2.7% above the Rs. 390 IPO price from November 2024 for the first time since this backfill's Q4 FY25 post found the stock trading below it.

Market cap → enterprise value Q1 FY2026 (Jun 2025)
Share price (period-end) Rs. 400.40
Shares outstanding (approx., paid-up share capital) 2,300 million
Market capitalization Rs. 92,092 crore (~$10.74B)
Peer-multiple sanity check Q4 FY2025 (Mar 2025) Q1 FY2026 (Jun 2025)
TTM Revenue Rs. 15,226.76 crore Rs. 16,965 crore ($1,979M)
Market capitalization Rs. 75,507.79 crore (~$8.84B) Rs. 92,092 crore (~$10.74B)
P/S (TTM) ~4.96x ~5.4x

The move is smaller in percentage terms than the underlying share-price recovery because trailing revenue also grew meaningfully over the same period.

A real DCF still isn't responsible to publish: Swiggy has never posted a profitable quarter or year at the consolidated level, no cash-flow statement exists for this specific quarter to check burn against (see Key Financial Metrics above), and while Instamart's breakeven guidance held steady for the first time this quarter, it's still guidance for a date up to a year away, not a result already booked. What would need to be true for today's ~5.4x revenue multiple to look cheap in hindsight: Instamart actually reaching contribution-margin neutrality within the December 2025-June 2026 window without a further slip (a genuine first this quarter, but one quarter of held guidance isn't yet a confirmed pattern), Food Delivery's medium-term 5% EBITDA margin target materializing on some visible timeline, and the Rapido situation resolving without a material write-down. A peer-multiple comparison against Eternal (formerly Zomato), India's other listed food-delivery and quick-commerce platform, remains the natural next step for sharpening this range, but isn't responsible to publish here without that company's own comparable-period figures independently verified from its filed results first.


Swiggy Limited's unaudited standalone and consolidated financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 (reviewed by B S R & Co. LLP and filed with the NSE and BSE on July 31, 2025, including the board outcome letter, limited review reports, and segment-information note), and Swiggy's Q1 FY26 earnings conference call transcript (July 31, 2025).