Q2 2021 · NYSE · Aug 20, 2021

XYZ Jay-Z's TIDAL Was Bought the Same Quarter the Bitcoin Bet Turned Profitable

Square's Q2 2021 10-Q shows its strongest quarter yet - $203.7 million net income, GPV up 88%, and a new Corporate and Other segment created for the $237.3 million acquisition of an 86.23% stake in Jay-Z's TIDAL - even as bitcoin still made up 58% of total revenue.

The Best Quarter Yet, Plus a New Business Nobody Was Expecting

Square's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2021 posts the strongest quarter in the company's history on almost every profitability metric: net income of $203.7 million (versus a $11.5 million net loss a year earlier), operating income of $125.0 million, and Adjusted EBITDA of $359.8 million - each a new high. Total net revenue was $4.68 billion, up 143% year-over-year, though bitcoin revenue ($2.72 billion) still accounted for 58% of that total, continuing the pattern from Q1. GPV grew 88% to $42.8 billion, driven by a genuine reopening tailwind for Seller as pandemic restrictions eased across much of the US.

The quarter's real surprise arrived outside the two established segments: on April 30, 2021, Square acquired an 86.23% ownership interest in TIDAL, the music-streaming service co-owned by musician and Square board-adjacent figure Jay-Z (Shawn Carter), for total consideration of $237.3 million ($176.7 million cash, $50.5 million deferred, and $10.1 million in stock). TIDAL now sits inside a newly created "Corporate and Other" segment alongside other non-core activity, and the filing explicitly frames the rationale around integrating TIDAL into Square's broader creator-economy ambitions rather than treating it as a standalone media investment.

The Prescription

Square should keep funding growth from what's actually working - GPV up 88% on a genuine reopening tailwind, and Cash App/Seller gross profit both compounding well outside the bitcoin distortion - rather than reaching for acquisitions that don't obviously extend either segment's core loop. What it should stop doing is closing a related-party-adjacent deal like TIDAL without addressing the connection to its own CEO's network in the filing's related-party disclosures: spending $237.3 million of a record-profit quarter on a majority stake in a music-streaming company tied to Jack Dorsey's own social circle, while Note 17 stays silent on that relationship, is exactly the kind of self-inflicted governance question a company with this much organic momentum doesn't need to be creating for itself.

Key Financial Metrics

Q2 2021 vs. Q2 2020, consolidated, reported in USD

Metric Q2 2021 Q2 2020 YoY
Total Net Revenue $4,680.7M $1,923.6M ✅ +143%
Bitcoin Revenue $2,724.3M $875.5M ⚠️ +211% (58% of total revenue)
Gross Profit $1,141.1M $596.8M ✅ +91%
Operating Income (Loss) $125.0M $(23.1)M ✅ swung to a profit
Net Income (Loss) $203.7M $(11.5)M ✅ swung to a profit
Adjusted EBITDA» $359.8M $97.9M ✅ +268%
Free Cash Flow» $363.1M n/a - not separately disclosed on a comparable basis
Balance sheet metric Jun 2021 Dec 2020 Change
Cash and Cash Equivalents $4,581.2M $3,158.1M ✅ +45.1%
Total Assets $13,815.7M $9,869.6M ✅ +40.0%
Total Liabilities $11,079.0M $7,188.0M ⚠️ +54.1%
Total Stockholders' Equity $2,736.7M $2,681.6M ✅ +2.1%

Free Cash Flow snapped back sharply from Q1's $(131.9) million to a positive $363.1 million this quarter (operating cash flow of $395.6 million standalone, less $32.5 million of standalone capital expenditures) - the working-capital drag flagged last quarter proved temporary rather than a new trend. Total liabilities again grew faster than equity, continuing to reflect customer-funds scaling and the company's outstanding convertible notes rather than any deterioration in credit quality.

Square's best-ever profitability quarter arrived in the same 10-Q that discloses a $237 million acquisition of a majority stake in a music-streaming company co-owned by a name closely tied to the company's own founder - two very different kinds of news sharing the same filing.

Segment Comparison: Cash App vs. Seller vs. Corporate and Other

Q2 2021 vs. Q2 2020

Metric Cash App Q2 2021 Cash App Q2 2020 YoY Seller Q2 2021 Seller Q2 2020 YoY
Segment Revenue $3,330.2M $1,200.3M ✅ +178% $1,311.5M $723.4M ✅ +81%
Segment Gross Profit $546.1M $281.1M ✅ +94% $585.1M $315.7M ✅ +85%
Implied Gross Margin 16.4% 23.4% ⚠️ -7pp (bitcoin dilution) 44.6% 43.6% ✅ +1pp

Corporate and Other - the new home for TIDAL and other non-core activity - contributed $39.0 million of segment revenue and $9.9 million of segment gross profit this quarter, its first as a disclosed line item; there is no prior-year comparable since the segment didn't exist a year ago.

Cash App

Cash App revenue growth (178%) again outpaced Seller (81%), but that gap is almost entirely bitcoin - segment gross profit growth (94%) is much closer to Seller's (85%) once the low-margin pass-through is set aside. The implied gross margin gap between the two segments (16.4% vs. 44.6%) remains the clearest single number showing which business is doing the real economic work per dollar of reported revenue.

Seller

Seller's 81% revenue growth reflects a genuine reopening effect - US shelter-in-place restrictions were easing broadly through Q2 2021, a full-quarter tailwind that Q1's more partial recovery didn't yet have. GPV growth of 88% overall (driven substantially by Seller) confirms this wasn't just a bitcoin-inflated headline.

Key Operational Metrics

Q2 2021 vs. Q2 2020

Metric Q2 2021 Q2 2020 YoY
GPV $42,828M $22,801M ✅ +88%
Bitcoin Investment Fair Value (period-end) not disclosed separately this quarter - see Q1's $472.0M for the most recent figure

Beyond the Usual

Square's acquisition of TIDAL closed April 30, 2021 for $237.3 million in total consideration - $176.7 million cash, $50.5 million deferred, $10.1 million in stock - generating $184.8 million of goodwill, of which approximately $88.5 million is expected to be tax-deductible. The filing frames the deal purely in strategic terms (integrating TIDAL into Square's creator-economy platform), but TIDAL's prior majority owner, Jay-Z, is a figure with substantial public ties to Square's founder and CEO Jack Dorsey - a relationship this 10-Q's Related Party Transactions note (Note 17) does not address in connection with this specific transaction. This isn't evidence of anything improper on its own, but a $237 million acquisition involving a business associated with the CEO's own network is exactly the kind of transaction a reader would expect explicit related-party disclosure to cover, and this filing's related-party note doesn't mention TIDAL at all.

The PPPLF Facility Kept Growing Even as the Original PPP Program Wound Down

PPPLF advances continued climbing past the $764.2 million level reported at Q1 2021, extending the multi-quarter growth trend in Square Capital's role as a PPP-loan-collateralized-lending conduit, well over a year after the original 2020 program's initial urgency had passed.

The Texas Tax Dispute Is Still Open, Now Three Quarters Running

The $38 million Texas Comptroller sales-and-use-tax assessment, unchanged since first disclosed in Q3 2020, remains unresolved with no new developments reported this quarter - the longest-running open item tracked across this backfill so far.

Target Valuation Range

~7.4x EV/TTM Revenue, down modestly from last quarter's ~8.3x. Fairly valued relative to its own recent trading history, though the underlying trailing revenue figure remains heavily bitcoin-inflated - the modest compression says more about a slightly slower bitcoin-revenue contribution to the trailing window than about the business getting genuinely cheaper on a comparable basis.

Market cap → enterprise value Q2 2021 (quarter-end)
Share price (period-end) $243.80
Shares outstanding (Class A + B, Jun 2021) ~459.0 million
Market capitalization ~$111.9 billion
Total liabilities $11.08 billion
Less: cash and cash equivalents $4.58 billion
Enterprise value ~$118.4 billion
Peer-multiple sanity check TTM ending Q1 2021 TTM ending Q2 2021 Change
Enterprise Value ~$109.2 billion ~$118.4 billion ✅ +8%
TTM Revenue ~$13.17 billion ~$15.93 billion ✅ +21%
EV/Revenue ~8.3x ~7.4x ✅ modest compression
DCF scenario (illustrative, EV/Revenue-multiple-based) Key assumption Implied EV Implied share price
Bear Bitcoin revenue decelerates and reopening tailwind for Seller fades faster than expected; multiple compresses to ~5x forward revenue on ~$21B estimated FY2021 revenue ~$105.0 billion ~$229
Base Cash App non-bitcoin growth and Seller recovery continue at a steady pace; multiple holds near ~8x forward revenue on ~$21B estimated FY2021 revenue ~$168.0 billion ~$366
Bull GPV growth accelerates further and TIDAL integration adds a new growth vector; multiple expands to ~10x forward revenue on ~$22B estimated FY2021 revenue ~$220.0 billion ~$479
Current (quarter-end close) ~$118.4 billion $243.80

This remains a multiple-based sanity check, not a full discounted cash flow - two consecutive profitable quarters is still a short track record relative to Square's pre-2021 loss history, and the FY2021 revenue estimates above are simple extrapolations rather than verified guidance.


Square, Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2021, filed with the SEC.